2024 Tus sau: Chloe Blomfield | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:55
Tseem muaj ntau lub npe cog kom kawm raws li nws yog, yog vim li cas peb thiaj siv cov npe Latin thiab? Thiab raws nraim li cas yog Latin cov npe cog? Yooj yim. Kev tshawb fawb Latin cov npe cog yog siv los ua ib qho kev faib lossis txheeb xyuas cov nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb. Cia peb kawm ntxiv txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm Latin cov npe cog nrog cov lus qhia luv luv tab sis qab zib botanical nomenclature.
Lub npe Latin cog lus dab tsi?
Tsis zoo li nws lub npe (ntawm uas tej zaum yuav muaj ob peb), Latin lub npe rau cov nroj tsuag yog tshwj xeeb rau txhua tsob nroj. Kev tshawb fawb Latin cov npe pab piav qhia txog "genus" thiab "hom" ntawm cov nroj tsuag txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lawv zoo dua.
Lub binomial (ob lub npe) system ntawm nomenclature yog tsim los ntawm Swedish naturalist, Carl Linnaeus nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-1700s. Muab cov nroj tsuag raws li qhov zoo sib xws xws li nplooj, paj, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws nrhiav tau ib qho kev txiav txim thiab muab npe rau lawv raws li. Lub "genus" yog qhov loj ntawm ob pawg thiab tuaj yeem sib npaug rau kev siv lub xeem lub npe xws li "Smith." Piv txwv li, lub genus txheeb xyuas ib tug li "Smith" thiab cov hom yuav zoo ib yam li ib tug neeg lub npe, xws li "Joe."
Muab ob lub npe muab rau peb lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb rau tus neeg no lub npe ib yam li kev sib txuas "genus" thiab "hom" kev tshawb fawb LatinCov npe cog muab rau peb cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb botanical nomenclature rau txhua tus neeg cog.
Qhov txawv ntawm ob lub npe ua, uas nyob rau hauv Latin cov npe cog cov genus tau teev tseg ua ntej thiab ib txwm muaj peev txheej. Cov hom (los yog cov epithet tshwj xeeb) ua raws lub npe genus nyob rau hauv qis thiab tag nrho Latin cov npe cog yog italicized lossis underlined.
Vim li cas peb thiaj siv Latin tsob nroj npe?
Kev siv cov npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag Latin tuaj yeem ua rau tus tswv tsev tsis meej pem, qee zaum txawm tias ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov laj thawj zoo heev los siv Latin cov npe cog.
Latin lo lus rau genus lossis hom ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog cov lus piav qhia siv los piav qhia txog hom nroj tsuag thiab nws cov yam ntxwv. Siv cov npe cog lus Latin pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab ntau lub npe uas tus neeg yuav muaj.
Nyob rau hauv binomial Latin, lub genus yog ib lub npe thiab hom yog ib tug piav qhia adjective rau nws. Piv txwv li, Acer yog Latin cov nroj tsuag npe (genus) rau maple. Txij li thaum muaj ntau ntau hom maple, lwm lub npe (cov hom) ntxiv rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov zoo. Yog li, thaum ntsib nrog lub npe Acer rubrum (liab maple), tus neeg ua teb yuav paub tias nws tab tom saib maple nrog vibrant, liab, nplooj poob. Qhov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li Acer rubrum tseem zoo ib yam txawm tias tus neeg ua teb nyob hauv Iowa lossis lwm qhov hauv ntiaj teb.
Lub npe Latin cog yog ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm cov nroj tsuag tus yam ntxwv. Siv Acer palmatum, piv txwv li. Ib zaug ntxiv, 'Acer' txhais tau tias maple thaum piav 'palmatum' txhais tau tias zoo li ib txhais tes,thiab nws yog muab los ntawm 'platanoides,' txhais tau tias "zoo li tsob ntoo dav hlau." Yog li ntawd, Acer platanoides txhais tau tias koj tab tom saib ntawm maple uas zoo li lub dav hlau tsob ntoo.
Thaum cov nroj tsuag tshiab tsim, cov nroj tsuag tshiab xav tau ib pawg thib peb los piav qhia ntxiv txog nws tus yam ntxwv ntawm ib hom. Qhov piv txwv no yog thaum lub npe thib peb (cov nroj tsuag cultivar) ntxiv rau Latin cov npe cog. Lub npe thib peb no tuaj yeem sawv cev rau tus tsim tawm ntawm cov qoob loo, qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm lossis kev sib xyaw ua ke, lossis ib qho tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm Latin tsob nroj npe
Rau kev siv ceev, phau ntawv qhia botanical nomenclature (ntawm Cindy Haynes, Dept. of Horticulture) muaj qee lub ntsiab lus ntawm Latin cov npe nroj tsuag uas muaj nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag nrov.
| alba | White |
| ater | Black |
| aurea | Golden |
| azur | Blue |
| chrysus | Yellow |
| coccineus | Scarlet |
| erythro | Red |
| ferrugineus | Rusty |
| haem | ntshav liab |
| lacteus | Milky |
| leuc | White |
| lividus | Blue-grey |
| luridus | Paj daj |
| luteus | Yellow |
| nigra | Dub/dub |
| puniceus | Red-liab |
| purpureus | Purple |
| rosea | Rose |
| rubra | Red |
| virens | Green |
| Keeb Kwm lossis Habitat | |
| alpinus | Alpine |
| amur | Amur River - Asia |
| canadensis | Canada |
| chinensis | Tuam Tshoj |
| japonica | Japan |
| maritima | Seaside |
| montana | roob |
| occidentalis | West - North America |
| orientalis | East – Asia |
| sibirica | Siberia |
| sylvestris | Woodland |
| virginiana | Virginia |
| Form or Habit | |
| contorta | Twisted |
| globosa | Rounded |
| gracilis | |
| maculata | Spotted |
| magnus | Ntau |
| nana | |
| pendula | Qhia |
| prostrata | |
| reptan | |
| Cov lus hauv paus lus | |
| anthos | paj |
| brevi | Short |
| fili | Threadlike |
| flora | paj |
| folius | |
| grandi | Ntau |
| hetero | Ntaus |
| laevis | Smooth |
| lepto | Slender |
| macro | Ntau |
| mega | Big |
| micro | Small |
| mono | Single |
| ntau | Ntau |
| phyllos | Nplooj / Foliage |
| platy | Paj / Dav |
| poly | Ntau |
Thaum nws tsis tsim nyog kawm cov npe Latin cov nroj tsuag, tej zaum lawv yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg ua teb vim lawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo sib xws.
Resources:
hortnews.extension.iastate.edu/1999/7-23-1999/latin.html
web.extension.illinois. edu/state/newsdetail.cfm?NewsID=17126
digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1963&context=extension_histallhttps:// wimastergardener.org/article/whats-in-a-name-understanding-botanical-or-latin-names
Pom zoo:
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